MORGAN+AND+BEC+CHINA

= CHINA'S POLITICAL HISTORY = == Communism is a system of social organization to create a classless, moneyless and stateless country. All economic and social activity is controlled by a state dominated by a single political party. The theory is that all property is held by a common, actual ownership being given to the community as a whole or to the state.

After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, china was in chaos. The nation saw their worst nightmares as the people had no authority to rule over them. Meanwhile the principles of communism began to spread in the country and those ideals attracted a majority of the people. The rise of Communism in China is mainly due to a man named Mao Zedong. He was poorly educated as a child but highly intelligent. Zedong left home and had become a member of the Nationalist Army as the Revolution began around 1911.

Mao Zedong (Chairman Mao) was born on December 26, 1893, in Shaoshan, Hunan Province, China. He was a communist revolutionary and he led the Chinese revolution. He founded the People's Republic of China in 1949, and was the leader of the nation until his death (September 9, 1976). His ideas about communism, military strategies and policies are known as Maoism.

The Long March is a famous retreat in China's history. In 1934 the Red Army of the Communist Party of China was losing a fight against the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) army. In order to not be completely slaughtered by the Kuomintang army, the Red Army embarked on a circling retreat through some of China's toughest terrains. There is more than one retreat that could be called the 'Long March' but the most famous was of the First Front Army. Their retreat took them 370 days and they covered a distance of 12,500 kilometers. By the end of the retreat, only one tenth of the army was left. During the Long March, Mao Zedong showed leadership and earned the support of members of the party, beginning his rise to power.

Between 1912 and 1949 the Chinese government went through a lot of changes. Directly before communism came to power, China was ruled by the Kuomintang. In the period between 1930 and 1980 China underwent a cultural revolution. Many reforms were put into place, but change was not really evident until the 1980s. Before the revolution, China was characterised by mass poverty and disease and extremes of rich and poor. The new ruling party began to slowly improve the quality of life for people in China. For most of the time, almost everyone in China had the very basic necessities for life, but this was still not very much at all.

Some of the top ten ancient Chinese inventions:
 * 1) Row planting
 * 2) Compass
 * 3) Seed Drill
 * 4) Iron Plough
 * 5) Deep drilling
 * 6) Ship rudders
 * 7) Horse harness
 * 8) Porcelain
 * 9) Toilet paper
 * 10) Movable printing